Digitalization of the supply chain: transformation factors

PurposeThere is an increasing interest in the supply chain's digitalization, yet the topic is still in the preliminary stages of academic research. The academic literature has no consensus and is still limited to research assessing the supply chain's digitalization of organizations. This study aims to explore the supply chain digitalization drivers to understand the emerging phenomena. More specifically, the authors devised from the literature the most common factors in assessing the readiness in scaling supply chain digitalization.Design/methodology/approachThis study followed a five-phased systematic literature review (SLR) methodology in this research: designing, analyzing, conducting, writing and assessing the quality of the review. The SLR is beneficial for justifying future research regardless of the complex process that requires dealing with high-level databases, information filtering and relevancies of the content. Through analysis of 347 titles and s and 40 full papers, the authors showed and discussed the supply chain digitalization: transformation factors.FindingsThe results generated three main themes: technology, people and processes. The study also generated ten subthemes/primary drivers for assessing the readiness for supply chain digitalization in organizations: IT infrastructure, cybersecurity systems, digitalization reskilling and upskilling, digitalization culture, top management support, digitalization and innovation strategy, integrated supply chain, digital innovation management, big data management and data analytics and government regulations. The importance of each factor was discussed, and future research agenda was presented.Research limitations/implicationsWhile the key drivers of the supply chain digitalization were identified, there is still a need to study the statistical correlation to confirm the interrelationships among factors. This study is also limited by the articles available in the databases and content extraction.Practical implicationsThis study supports decision-makers in understanding the critical drivers in digitalizing the supply chain. Once these factors are studied and comprehended, managers and decision-makers could better anticipate and allocate the proper resources to embark on the digitalization journey and make informed decisions.Originality/valueThe digitalization of the supply chain is more critical nowadays due to the global disruptions caused by the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and the surge of organizations moving toward the digital economy. There is a gap between the digital transformation pilot studies and implementation. The themes and factors unearthed in this study will serve as a foundation and guidelines for further theoretical research and practical implications.

Could Selenium Supplementation Prevent COVID-19? A Comprehensive Review of Available Studies.

The purpose of this review is to systematically examine the scientific evidence investigating selenium's relationship with COVID-19, aiming to support, or refute, the growing hypothesis that supplementation could prevent COVID-19 etiopathogenesis. In fact, immediately after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, several speculative reviews suggested that selenium supplementation in the general population could act as a silver bullet to limit or even prevent the disease. Instead, a deep reading of the scientific reports on selenium and COVID-19 that are available to date supports neither the specific role of selenium in COVID-19 severity, nor the role of its supplementation in the prevention disease onset, nor its etiology.

Development of a Manufacturing Process toward the Convergent Synthesis of the COVID-19 Antiviral Ensitrelvir.

We describe the development of the practical manufacturing of Ensitrelvir, which was discovered as a SARS-CoV-2 antiviral candidate. Scalable synthetic methods of indazole, 1,2,4-triazole and 1,3,5-triazinone structures were established, and convergent couplings of these fragments enabled the development of a concise and efficient scale-up process to Ensitrelvir. In this process, introducing a meta-cresolyl moiety successfully enhanced the stability of intermediates. Compared to the initial route at the early research and development stage, the overall yield of the longest linear sequence (6 steps) was improved by approximately 7-fold. Furthermore, 9 out of the 12 isolated intermediates were crystallized directly from each reaction mixture without any extractive workup (direct isolation). This led to an efficient and environmentally friendly manufacturing process that minimizes waste of organic solvents, reagents, and processing time. This practical process for manufacturing Ensitrelvir should contribute to protection against COVID-19.

Nationwide descriptive epidemiological study of patients with COVID-19 evacuated from Wuhan, China, to Japan from January to February 2020.

We investigated epidemiological findings regarding the route of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and infection prevention and control (IPC) measures among returnees in the emergent evacuation from Wuhan, China to Japan under the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020. A total of 12 of 14 returnees (median age [range]: 49.5 years [29-65 years]; 9 men [75%]) were confirmed COVID-19. The proportions of returnees with COVID-19 were 12/566 (2.1%) in the 1-3 flights and 2/263 (0.8%) in the 4-5 flights. Six patients were asymptomatic on admission, while three patients developed symptoms thereafter. None reported a specific history of contact with animals, going to seafood markets, or visiting medical facilities. Two patients contacted with an individual confirmed or suspected to have COVID-19, respectively. Most patients resided in hotels in the center of Wuhan city, taking taxis and trains to work and supermarkets. Patients relatively adhered to IPC measures such as wearing a mask and hand hygiene. However, emphasis on IPC measures such as universal masking and more rigorous avoidance of exposure risk may have been necessary to prevent infection. In addition, forced social distancing due to lockdown might contribute to the lower infection rates in Flights 4 and 5, compared to Flights 1-3.

Will videoteleconsultation have been just a stopgap in French orthopedics-traumatology? A national survey of 280 surgeons.

INTRODUCTION: There have been no studies assessing French orthopedic surgeons' satisfaction with video and telephone consultations. These were encouraged during the coronavirus pandemic. We therefore performed a prospective study to assess (1) the profile of physicians using videoteleconsultation (VTC) during the pandemic and factors influencing use, (2) satisfaction with VTC, and (3) the pros, cons and prospects of VTC. HYPOTHESIS: The study hypothesis was that VTC in orthopedics-traumatology is sufficiently satisfying to be used in everyday practice outside of pandemic contexts. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A French nationwide survey was conducted in the form of an assessment of professional practices. Orthopedic and traumatology surgeons were sent a digital questionnaire, using the mailing lists of some of the French professional and scientific societies, with an estimate of 2000 practitioners who could be reached. The survey concerned use of VTC, modalities and satisfaction and the practitioner's profile. On the basis of the questionnaire responses, a Net Promoter Score (NPS) was calculated, evaluating the number (from -100 to +100) of respondents likely to recommend VTC. RESULTS: In total 280 of the estimated 2000 practitioners who were contacted (14.0%) responded. Their mean age was 47.7±10.0years (range: 30-84years). The rate of use of VTC rose from 8.9% (n=25/280) before the pandemic to 55.3% (n=155/280) during it. In the 155 practitioners who had used VTC, NPS was -46.4. Only 51% (n=79/155) were in favor of continuing VTCs outside of pandemic settings. Likewise, 50.3% (n=78/155) reported that clinical examination was more time-consuming via VTC than in face-to-face consultation, and 57.4% (n=89/155) said the same about visualizing complementary examinations. Finally, 98.1% (n=152/155) found VTC less satisfying than face-to-face consultation for clinical examination, and only 18.1% (n=28/155) scheduled surgery after VTC alone. CONCLUSION: To date in French orthopedics-traumatology, VTC does not satisfy surgeons, with its virtual rather than physical clinical examination; even so, it offers a solution in pandemic settings. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV; prospective study without control group.

Role of artificial intelligence-internet of things (AI-IoT) based emerging technologies in the public health response to infectious diseases in Bangladesh.

Digital technologies are the need of today to predict, prevent and control emerging infectious diseases. Bangladesh is one of the world's poorest and most densely populated countries and faces a double burden of two deadly diseases, COVID-19 and dengue. In response to both these diseases, the absence of a digital healthcare system and insufficient preparedness, lack of public awareness pose unique challenges and a large threat to the population, resulting in epidemics of escalating severity. This paper suggests a digital health care and surveillance system based on the internet of things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) for timely identification of COVID-19 and dengue cases and improving the prevention and control strategies in the country.

[Acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura following COVID-19].

COVID-19 often contributes to thrombus formation in microvessels, resulting in damaged vital organs. In this study, we report a case of COVID-19 associated with acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). A 44-year-old man with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus presented with COVID-19 and concomitant hemolytic anemia and a marked thrombocytopenia. The patient was diagnosed with acquired TTP because ADAMTS13 inhibitor was detected and ADAMTS13 activity below the sensitivity level. The patient developed agitated neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as aphasia, disorientation, and delirium, which improved after a plasma exchange, prednisolone, and rituximab administration. Only a few reports have revealed COVID-19 with TTP, and this is the first case in Japan. Although acquired TTP rarely develops, it is an important complication of COVID-19, and thus, it should be promptly diagnosed and treated as soon as possible.

La vidéo-téléconsultation en orthopédie-traumatologie française restera-t-elle une parenthèse sanitaire ? Une enquête nationale auprès de 280 chirurgiens

Résumé Introduction Il n’existe pas, à ce jour, d’étude évaluant la satisfaction des chirurgiens orthopédistes français au sujet de la consultation vidéo et téléphonique. Pour autant, celle-ci a été encouragée en période de pandémie à coronavirus. Aussi nous avons mené une étude prospective afin d’évaluer : 1) le profil des praticiens ayant eu recours à la vidéotéléconsultation (VTC) au cours de la pandémie au SARS-CoV-2 ainsi que les facteurs susceptibles d’influencer son utilisation, 2) la satisfaction des chirurgiens français ayant réalisé des VTC, 3) les avantages, les limites et l’avenir de la VTC. Hypothèse Notre hypothèse était que la VTC était suffisamment satisfaisante en orthopédie-traumatologie pour être utilisée dans la pratique clinique courante hors période Covid. Matériel et méthode Il s’agit d’une enquête nationale réalisée sous la forme d’une Évaluation des Pratiques Professionnelles (EPP). Les chirurgiens orthopédistes et traumatologues français ont été contactés à l’aide d’un questionnaire numérisé par l’intermédiaire de la liste mail d’une partie des sociétés professionnelles et savantes françaises, avec une estimation des chirurgiens atteignables de 2000 praticiens. L’enquête portait sur l’utilisation, les modalités, et la satisfaction vis-à-vis de la VTC des chirurgiens orthopédistes français, et leur profil. Le questionnaire nous permettait d’établir le Net Promoter Score (NPS) évaluant sur en nombre absolu, de -100 à 100, la propension à recommander un service. Résultats Au total, sur une estimation de 2000 praticiens contactés, 280 (14,0 %) ont répondu à notre enquête. L’âge moyen était de 47,7±10,0 (30-84) ans. Le taux d’utilisation de la VTC passait de 8,9 % (n=25/280) avant la pandémie à 55,3 % (n=155/280) au cours de celle-ci. Parmi les 155 praticiens ayant pratiqué la VTC la satisfaction globale retrouvait un NPS de -46,4. Au total 51 % (n=79/155) ont répondu être favorables à poursuivre les VTC hors période COVID. Parmi les utilisateurs de VTC, 50,3 % (n=78/155) décrivaient une perte de temps lors de l’examen clinique en VTC par rapport à une visite en présentiel, et 57,4 % (n=89/155) lors de la visualisation des examens complémentaires. Pour 98,1 % des utilisateurs (n=152/155), la VTC n’était pas aussi satisfaisante que la consultation en présentiel pour l’examen clinique du patient, et seulement 18,1 % (n=28/155) ont programmé des interventions après une VTC isolée. Conclusion À ce jour, dans le cadre de l’orthopédie-traumatologie en France, la VTC n’a su satisfaire les chirurgiens en raison d’un examen clinique virtuel et non physique, mais elle reste une solution de recours en cas de pandémie. Niveau de preuve IV ;Série prospective sans groupe contrôle.

Update on Findings about Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Insight into Its Pathogenesis.

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is routinely encountered and is one of the most common emergent diseases in otolaryngology clinics. However, the etiology of SSNHL remains unclear. Due to the inaccessibility of the living human inner ear for biopsy, studies investigating the etiology of SSNHL have been performed by analyzing data obtained from examinations using peripheral blood or imaging. We updated the findings obtained from serological, magnetic resonance imaging, genetic, and viral examinations to reveal the etiology of SSNHL. Regarding viral examination, we focused on sensorineural hearing loss associated with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) because the number of correlated reports has been increasing after the outbreak. The updated findings revealed the following three possible mechanisms underlying the development of SSNHL: thrombosis and resulting vascular obstruction in the cochlea, asymptomatic viral infection and resulting damage to the cochlea, and cochlear inflammation and resulting damage to the cochlea. Thrombosis and viral infection are predominant, and cochlear inflammation can be secondarily induced through viral infection or even thrombosis. The findings about sensorineural hearing loss associated with COVID-19 supported the possibility that asymptomatic viral infection is one of the etiologies of SSNHL, and the virus can infect inner ear tissues and directly damage them.

COVID-19 PANDEMIC, REGIONAL STRUCTURAL BREAK AND THE VOLATILITY OF CHICKEN MEAT PRICES IN INDONESIA

The Covid-19 pandemic has shocked the demand and supply of food product leading to large price fluctuations in the market not only at the national level but also at the regional level. This paper examines the existence of structural break and the volatility of chicken meat prices in six main islands in Indonesia by using additive outlier and ARCH-GARCH models. During the Covid-19 outbreak in Indonesia, the structural break in the chicken meat prices occurred in the six islands. There were variations in terms of the timing of the structural break where Kalimantan and Java island experienced the fastest structural break. Further examinations showed that after the structural break time, the prices of chicken meat in Sumatera, Java, Sulawesi and Papua tended to increase. Meanwhile, the prices of chicken meat in Kalimantan and Bali-NT tended to decline after the break time. The Covid-19 pandemic had a significant impact on chicken meat prices in Java and Bali-NT. The results have important implications for local and central governments that are still under the Covid-19 crisis on how to attain price stabilisation of regional chicken meat prices during the Covid-19 pandemic. © 2021, International Society for Southeast Asian Agricultural Sciences. All rights reserved.

Evolution of a Systematic Approach to Smoking Cessation in Ontario's Regional Cancer Centres.

Smoking cessation after a cancer diagnosis can significantly improve a person's prognosis, treatment efficacy and safety, and quality of life. In 2012, Cancer Care Ontario (now part of Ontario Health) introduced a Framework for Smoking Cessation, to be implemented for new ambulatory cancer patients at the province's 14 Regional Cancer Centres (RCCs). Over time, the program has evolved to become more efficient, use data for robust performance management, and broaden its focus to include new patient populations and additional data collection. In 2017, the framework was revised from a 5As to a 3As brief intervention model, along with an opt-out approach to referrals. The revised model was based on emerging evidence, feedback from stakeholders, and an interim program evaluation. Results showed an initial increase in referrals to cessation services. Two indicators (tobacco use screening and acceptance of a referral) are routinely monitored as part of Ontario Health's system-wide performance management approach, which has been identified as a key driver of change among RCCs. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many RCCs reported a decrease in these indicators. RCCs that were able to maintain a high level of smoking cessation activities during the pandemic offer valuable lessons, including the opportunity to swiftly leverage virtual care. Future directions for the program include capturing data on cessation outcomes and expanding the intervention to new populations. A focus on system recovery from COVID-19 will be paramount. Smoking cessation must remain a core element of high-quality cancer care, so that patients achieve the best possible health benefits from their treatments.

The 3rd International Conference on Geoscience and Earth Resources Engineering: Geosciences and Earth Resources Engineering for Sustainable Future (Preface)

The issue of IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science contains the outstanding papers presented at International Conference on Geoscience and Earth Resources Engineering (ICGN1 -https://media.proquest.com/media/hms/PFT/1/HgO9N?_a=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&_s=32Fd6KGOpe%2FCtSj9PEfZtA5vzWM%3D ERE) 2021. Due to Covid-19 Pandemic, the 3rd ICGERE 2021 Conference was held online on 8 – 9 December 2021.List of Committees are available in this pdf.

Digitalization of the supply chain: transformation factors

Purpose There is an increasing interest in the supply chain's digitalization, yet the topic is still in the preliminary stages of academic research. The academic literature has no consensus and is still limited to research assessing the supply chain's digitalization of organizations. This study aims to explore the supply chain digitalization drivers to understand the emerging phenomena. More specifically, the authors devised from the literature the most common factors in assessing the readiness in scaling supply chain digitalization. Design/methodology/approach This study followed a five-phased systematic literature review (SLR) methodology in this research: designing, analyzing, conducting, writing and assessing the quality of the review. The SLR is beneficial for justifying future research regardless of the complex process that requires dealing with high-level databases, information filtering and relevancies of the content. Through analysis of 347 titles and s and 40 full papers, the authors showed and discussed the supply chain digitalization: transformation factors. Findings The results generated three main themes: technology, people and processes. The study also generated ten subthemes/primary drivers for assessing the readiness for supply chain digitalization in organizations: IT infrastructure, cybersecurity systems, digitalization reskilling and upskilling, digitalization culture, top management support, digitalization and innovation strategy, integrated supply chain, digital innovation management, big data management and data analytics and government regulations. The importance of each factor was discussed, and future research agenda was presented. Research limitations/implications While the key drivers of the supply chain digitalization were identified, there is still a need to study the statistical correlation to confirm the interrelationships among factors. This study is also limited by the articles available in the databases and content extraction. Practical implications This study supports decision-makers in understanding the critical drivers in digitalizing the supply chain. Once these factors are studied and comprehended, managers and decision-makers could better anticipate and allocate the proper resources to embark on the digitalization journey and make informed decisions. Originality/value The digitalization of the supply chain is more critical nowadays due to the global disruptions caused by the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and the surge of organizations moving toward the digital economy. There is a gap between the digital transformation pilot studies and implementation. The themes and factors unearthed in this study will serve as a foundation and guidelines for further theoretical research and practical implications.

A Case of Iliopsoas Hematoma Caused by Prophylactic Anticoagulation against COVID-19.

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), and prophylactic anticoagulation is recommended for the prevention of VTE in COVID-19 patients. We encountered a patient with COVID-19 who developed iliopsoas hematoma (IPH) that was likely caused by prophylactic anticoagulation against VTE; we report the case here because IPH is an important risk in rehabilitation treatment. CASE: The patient was a 73-year-old man with severe COVID-19 who received anticoagulation therapy from the time of admission (day 0). On day 22, decreased hemoglobin levels, muscle weakness in the left lower extremity, and pain on passive movement of the left hip joint were noted. On day 29, computed tomography (CT) was performed and revealed a mass lesion suspicious of a hematoma in the left iliopsoas muscle. On day 36, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was carried out to re-evaluate the mass lesion and revealed a multicystic lesion that could also have been an abscess. CT-guided puncture drainage was performed, but no pus-like material was collected; this finding led to a diagnosis of IPH. Subsequent exercise loads were gradually increased while the status of the hematoma was assessed. DISCUSSION: The prevalence of IPH in COVID-19 patients has been reported to be 7.6 cases per 1000 admissions, and the use of anticoagulation is likely to increase the risk of IPH. Because rehabilitative interventions can lead to the discovery or aggravation of IPH, the possibility of IPH should be kept in mind when providing rehabilitation treatment for COVID-19 patients.

DNA Aptamer Gold Nanoparticle Colorimetric Diagnostic Test Kit of Saliva Samples for SARS-CoV-2 Virus Linked to Mobile Phone Application (AptamexTM). (preprint)

The development of the use of DNA aptamers for clinical applications to detect human diseases is at the forefront of research. Synthetic DNA aptamers are easy to generate, inexpensive, highly specific and have been postulated to replace antibodies for research and clinical use. Despite the considerable amount of published work on the use of DNA aptamers for research use, to date they have not been exploited for clinical diagnostics. SARS-CoV-2 virus is a pandemic causing a global disruptive event preventing people from travel, work and leisure activities resulting in a major health crisis, hospital overloads and a high death rate. The detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus in communities is therefore very important, especially for returning normality of life. The current gold standard for detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus is RT-PCR, a technique that is relatively expensive and most importantly with a slow turnaround time between sample procurement and result. This paper describes the development of a rapid, accurate, low-cost, facile to use assay for the detection of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in saliva. The assay exploits a simple system based on the use of a gold nanoparticle-aptamer complex, that can be easily produced and distributed, facilitating its deployment to the point-of-need, potentially reaching millions of individuals in resource-limited settings. The proposed colorimetric diagnostic test kit uses a SARS-CoV-2 DNA aptamer adsorbed on gold nanoparticles and salt-induced aggregation to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein in saliva samples indicated by a color change of the gold absorbance spectrum that can be quantified by a spectrophotometer, linked to a mobile phone for data processing and analysis. The assay parameters were optimized and then tested in a field calibration clinical test in Indonesia. At a research level, a limit of detection of ca. 1.25 nM to synthetic spike protein (S1) was observed and a method to test human saliva samples developed. The DNA aptamer was specific to SARS-CoV-2, with minor cross-reactivity observed with MERS and SARS-CoV-1, but negligible cross-reactivity seen with common cold coronaviruses. A calibration clinical test of patients in Indonesia demonstrated a classification resulting in a > 97% sensitivity and a > 97% specificity compared with saliva RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, the data indicates that anatomical location and sample type (swab vs saliva) can affect RT-PCR results. In conclusion, we have developed the use of a robust and reproducible aptamer-gold nanoparticle assay for clinical diagnostic use based on a colorimetric system that is cheap, simple, rapid, sensitive and can be employed for large scale testing of human populations for SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Pengaruh kecemasan tentang COVID-19 terhadap penerapan protokol kesehatan 3M di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kab. Grobogan

Pendahuluan: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 merupakan Coronavirus jenis baru yang belum pernah diidentifikasi sebelumnya pada manusia. Ada setidaknya dua jenis Coronavirus yang diketahui menyebabkan penyakit yang menimbulkan gejala berat seperti Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) dan Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian studi observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner untuk mengukur kecemasan dan penerapan protokol kesehatan 3M. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi linier sederhana yang bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh antar variabel dependen terhadap variabel independen dengan menggunakan bantuan SPSS. Hasil: Didapatkan nilai p = 0.000 jadi ada pengaruh kecemasan tentang COVID-19 terhadap penerapan protokol kesehatan 3M di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kab. Grobogan. Nilai R square 0.292 jadi variabel kecemasan berpengaruh terhadap penerapan protokol kesehatan 3M sebesar 29.2% dan ada 70.8% faktor lain yang mempengaruhi penerapan protokol kesehatan 3M. Kesimpulan : Ada pengaruh kecemasan tentang COVID-19 terhadap penerapan protokol kesehatan 3M di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kab. Grobogan.

Immunomodulator effect of lemongrass extract (Cymbopogon nardus l.) to increase immune cells as a precaution against SARS-CoV2

In humans, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) can damage some tissue when the immune systems was decrease. Natural product from the plant often used to improve immune response against microorganism including virus. This study aimed to determine the potential antioxidant of lemongrass extract (C . nardus) with various dosage that can provide immunomodulatory effects and find an optimal dosage to be used. The method used observational analytic using animal model of 30 male mice strain BALB/C weight 25-30 gram divided into 5 groups;the positive control group was given 0.05 mL of 0.05% CMC within 14 days negative control group was given IMBOOST® tablet 200 mg/kg body weight (bw) within 14 days treatment groups were given C. nardus extract with various doses 50 mg/kg bw 150 mg/kg bw and 300 mg/kg bw. In day 21 all group were injected with 02 ml of pathogen bacterial (S. aureus). Blood samples were taken three times: 7th day 14th day and 21th day. The results showed that lemongrass extract (C. nardus) was able to influence the leukocyte and lymphocytes count with significant different (p<0.05). The optimal dose is 150 mg/kg body weight. The antioxidant compounds that contain in the C. nardus extract have an ability to increasing the immune system in the dose 150 mg/kg bw but in the dose 300 mg/kg bw became toxic that can make a skin injury or death in animal tests. Keywords: Cymbopogon nardus, Various doses, Immunomodulator, SARS-CoV-2, Mus musculus

Dimensions of expansion for configuring learning spaces in global work

PurposeTechnological innovation and the flexibilisation of labour markets have expanded the pool of workers engaged in globally distributed work. This paper aims to propose an analytical framework to understand and support the productive professional learning of those engaged in global work. Drawing on the theory of expansive learning in the cultural-historical activity theory tradition the study aims to stimulate and enrich the conceptual notion of work as a learning space in the discussion of workplace learning particularly in global work.Design/methodology/approachIteration between theory and data is applied to identify the dimensions of expansion for the configuration of learning spaces in global work. Data are drawn from the experiences of 10 professionals selected by purposive sampling in Austria, Italy, the Netherlands and Singapore.FindingsSix dimensions of expansion are identified as challenging and potentially empowering for professionals’ configuration of learning spaces in global work: social-spatial, material-instrumental, moral-ethical, political-economic, personal-professional and temporal-developmental.Originality/valueThe conceptual framework for the dimensions of expansion of learning spaces provides the broad strokes for reflexive curricula that democratise the learning and development of professionals in global work, who are currently underserved given the national orientation of vocational education and training and professional development ecosystems.

Perlindungan masyarakat Pidie dari COVID-19 melalui pemakaian masker

 Virus corona (COVID-19) dapat menyebar melalui percakapan dan pernapasan normal dengan orang yang terpapar. Salah satu cara untuk mencegah terjadinya penularan COVID-19 adalah melalui pemakaian masker. Hal ini sejalan dengan imbauan Pemerintah untuk menerapkan protokol kesehatan pencegahan COVID-19 salah satunya melalui pemakaian masker kain untuk masyarakat umum. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat Pidie untuk menggunakan masker kain ketika melakukan aktivitas di luar rumah sebagai pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19 serta memberikan penjelasan mengenai cara menggunakan masker kain yang benar di saat melakukan aktivitas di luar rumah selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Kegiatan ini berlangsung pada tanggal 22 April 2020 di Simpang 4 Kota Sigli dengan cara membagikan masker kain kepada masyarakat Pidie yang beraktivitas di luar rumah disertai dengan sosialisasi tentang cara pemakaian masker kain yang benar. Antusias masyarakat Pidie dalam menerima edukasi dan pembagian masker kain terlihat selama kegiatan ini. Diharapkan kesadaran masyarakat Pidie untuk selalu menggunakan masker kain ketika beraktivitas di luar rumah semakin meningkat sehingga dapat menurunnya resiko penyebaran COVID-19 di lingkungan masyarakat Pidie yang harus tetap beraktivitas di luar rumah. Kata Kunci : Pencegahan COVID-19 Pemakaian Masker Masyarakat Pidie     The Coronavirus (COVID-19) can be spread through interacting and normal breathing with exposed people. One of the ways to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 is through wearing masks. This is in line with the governments appeal to implement health protocols for the prevention of COVID-19 one of which is through wearing cloth masks for the general public. The aim of this community service is to increase the awareness of the Pidie community to use cloth masks when carrying out activities outside the home as a prevention of the spread of COVID-19 and to provide an explanation of how to use the correct cloth masks when doing activities outside the home during the COVID-19 pandemic. This activity took place on April 22 2020 at Simpang 4 Sigli City by distributing cloth masks to Pidie people who had activities outside the home accompanied by socialization on how to use cloth masks correctly. The enthusiasm of the Pidie community in receiving education and distributing cloth masks was seen during this activity. It is hoped that the awareness of the Pidie community to always use cloth masks when doing activities outside the home will increase so that it can reduce the risk of spreading COVID-19 in the Pidie community who have to continue their activities outside the home. Keywords: Prevention COVID-19 Use of Masks Pidie Society